Seat belts and child seats in Europe

Speed limits, alcohol, compulsory equipment and vignettes in 36 European countries.

Found: 36
CountrySeat belts and child seats
Albania

The driver and all passengers must wear seat belts.

We have not confirmed the rules for carrying children in official sources – carry children in a child seat suited to their height and weight.

Austria

Everyone wears a seat belt – front and back. Children travel in child seats or on booster seats suited to their height.

If any passenger isn’t buckled up, you face high fines – as the driver, you are responsible.

Belgium

Everyone wears a seat belt. Children under 135 cm travel in child seats suited to their height and weight. The only exception is short trips with children aged 3 and over in the back seat with a seat belt when a child seat won’t fit – don’t plan your trip that way.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

A child under 12 may not travel in the front seat. A child under 5 may travel in the back only in a secured child seat.

A person under the influence of alcohol or drugs may not sit in the front either. Always wear your seat belt.

Bulgaria

Seat belts and child seats are compulsory. Exceptions apply to, among others, pregnant women and people whose health doesn’t allow them to wear a seat belt.

Croatia

Seat belts and child seats are compulsory. Only medical reasons exempt you from wearing a seat belt.

Cyprus

Seat belts are compulsory in the front and back. Children travel in EU-approved child seats suited to their weight, age and height.

Czech Republic

Everyone wears a seat belt, in every seat. A child under 150 cm and 36 kg travels in a child seat or on a booster seat suited to their height.

Denmark

Everyone must wear a seat belt. Children travel in child seats suited to their height and weight. The exceptions (e.g. taxis, a child over 3 occasionally travelling in the back seat with a seat belt) are narrow – in everyday driving a child seat is a must.

Estonia

The driver and all passengers must wear seat belts. A child up to 3 travels in a child seat – in the front seat only rear-facing. Children up to 12 may sit in the front or back only in a suitable child seat (according to the Polish MFA).

Finland

Everyone must wear a seat belt, also in the back. A child shorter than 135 cm may travel only in a child car seat.

France

Everyone must wear a seat belt; children travel in child seats suited to their height and weight.

Germany

Everyone wears a seat belt. Children travel in child seats (child restraint systems) – this is compulsory.

If a third child seat won’t fit in the car, a child over 3 may travel in the back with a normal seat belt.

Greece

Always wear your seat belt – in the front and in the back. Children must travel in child seats or other restraint systems – it’s compulsory.

Not wearing a seat belt can mean a high fine and losing your licence (new Highway Code since September 2025).

Hungary

Everyone must wear a seat belt – in the front and in the back.

Children shorter than 150 cm travel in a child seat suited to their weight and height, and up to 135 cm – in a child seat in the back. Children 135–150 cm tall may travel in the back without a child seat if the seat belt fits properly. A child under 3 may not travel in the front if a child seat cannot be fitted there.

Ireland

Everyone wears a seat belt – front and rear. Children travel in a child seat or on a booster seat suited to their height and weight (you only stop needing a child seat at about 150 cm in height or 36 kg).

Italy

Everyone wears a seat belt – front and back. Children travel in child seats or booster seats suited to their height and weight.

A child up to 12 years old or shorter than 150 cm must sit on a booster seat that lets the seat belt be fastened properly. According to the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, such a booster seat may only be fitted on the back seat.

Latvia

The driver and all passengers wear seat belts. Children shorter than 150 cm travel in a suitable child seat or on a booster seat.

Liechtenstein

Everyone wears a seat belt. Children travel in a child seat or on a booster seat – the requirement only ends once the child is over 14 and taller than 150 cm (according to Your Europe).

Lithuania

Everyone wears a seat belt, including in the back. Children up to 135 cm tall travel in a child seat suited to their height and weight.

Luxembourg

Everyone wears a seat belt, and children travel in child seats suited to their height and weight.

Malta

Seat belts are compulsory for everyone. Children up to 12 must wear a seat belt or sit in a child seat; a child shorter than 135 cm travels in a child seat, booster seat or booster cushion suited to their weight.

Montenegro

A child under 12 may not travel in the front seat (nor may a drunk person). A child under 5 must travel in a special child seat.

Always wear your seat belt.

Netherlands

Everyone wears a seat belt, and children travel in child seats suited to their height and weight. Exemptions include passengers on buses with standing room.

North Macedonia

We have not confirmed the detailed rules (seat belts, child seats) in official sources. Always wear your seat belt and carry children in a child seat.

Norway

Everyone wears a seat belt, in every seat. Children may only travel in child seats or other restraints suited to their height and weight.

Poland

Everyone wears a seat belt – front and back. A child shorter than 150 cm travels in a child seat suited to their height and weight.

Exception: a child at least 135 cm tall may travel in the back with just the seat belt if a third child seat won’t fit. Don’t fit a rear-facing child seat in the front if the passenger airbag is switched on.

Portugal

Seat belts are compulsory for all passengers. Children travel in a child seat suited to their height and weight.

Romania

Seat belts and child seats are compulsory. Those exempt from wearing a seat belt include pregnant women and people with medical reasons.

Serbia

The driver and all passengers wear seat belts.

A child under 12 may not travel in the front – exception: a child up to 3 in a child seat. Anyone shorter than 135 cm travels in an approved child seat.

Slovakia

Everyone must wear a seat belt – in the back too. Children shorter than 150 cm travel in a child car seat.

If there are already two child seats in the car, a third child may travel in the back with a regular seat belt.

Slovenia

Seat belts and child seats are mandatory. Only a medical certificate can exempt you from wearing a seat belt.

Spain

Everyone must wear a seat belt. Children travel in a child seat until they are taller than 135 cm – as a rule in the back seat.

Sweden

The driver and all passengers must wear seat belts. Children shorter than 135 cm travel in an EU-approved child seat.

Switzerland

Everyone must wear a seat belt. Children travel in a child seat or on a booster seat until they turn 12 or are taller than 150 cm.

United Kingdom

Seat belts are mandatory in the front and back seats. Children travel in a child seat until they are 12 years old or 135 cm tall (whichever comes first). Rear-facing child seat – until the child is 15 months old; if you fit it in the front, switch off the airbag.

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Remember: Abroad, the rules of the country you are driving in apply – including lower alcohol limits for novice drivers. Road signs take precedence over the values in the table. Vignettes, toll booths and toll-free motorways: motorway tolls and vignettes in Europe.

Sources: European Commission – Your Europe, “Road rules and safety” (data from EU and EEA countries and Switzerland); Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Odyseusz, country profiles (in Polish); German Federal Foreign Office (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia); official national websites (listed for each country). Last updated: September 2026. Rules change – check them on the official websites before you travel.

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